C-myc

C-myc is a proto-oncogene. Its encoded product can regulate approximately 15% of the human genome and all transcription processes mediated by RNA polymerases, involved in regulating various life activities such as cell proliferation, differentiation, metabolism, and apoptosis. Some research found that C-myc is abnormally activated in lung cancer, liver cancer, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer, breast cancer and other solid tumors, and its high expression is closely related to the poor prognosis of patients. This is because C-myc not only directly affects tumor growth and metastasis through transcriptional regulation, but also meets energy needs by accelerating glucose uptake and aerobic glycolysis of cancer cells, promoting tumor angiogenesis by up-regulating angiogenic factors, and inducing multidrug tolerance by regulating ATP-binding cassette transporters. Meanwhile, some scholars pointed out that C-myc may synergize with the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway to mediate tumor immune escape. In addition, C-myc has been applied in the diagnosis of hematological tumors such as leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma.