P63

P63 is a transcription factor that widely exists in epithelium, prostate, breast and other tissues. Research has found that P63 is abnormally expressed in various epithelial derived tumors such as oral cancer, esophageal cancer, and lung cancer. And patients with positive expression usually have better overall survival, indicating that P63 has important diagnostic and prognostic value. Among them, P63 is completely expressed in ductal carcinoma in situ but negatively expressed in invasive ductal carcinoma, which makes it applicable for differential diagnosis. Meanwhile, P63 is commonly lost in prostate cancer, so it can serve as a differential marker for benign and malignant prostate lesions. P63 can be divided into two subtypes: TAp63 and ΔNp63 (i.e. P40). TAp63 can prevent cell cycle and induce apoptosis, but ΔNp63 can promote cell growth and proliferation. Therefore, some scholars suggested that researching the mechanism of mutual balance between different subtypes in the same tumor is beneficial for overcoming tumor drug resistance.