DOG1

DOG1 is a chloride channel protein activated by Ca2+, participating in mucus secretion and spontaneous peristalsis in gastrointestinal tract. DOG1 mainly exists in Cajal cells, so it has become an essential diagnostic marker for gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). Its combination with CD117 can improve diagnostic specificity. Moreover, the mainstream believes that DOG1 is involved in the occurrence and development of the tumor, but the specific mechanism is still unclear. But some research found that DOG1 can be expressed in some leiomyomas of organs such as esophagus, stomach, intestine, and uterus, which may be due to the proliferation of Cajal cells in the tumors. In addition, the research of DOG1 in esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer and other malignant diseases has been gradually carried out, and its positive patients often have shorter survival time and worse prognosis. Meanwhile, in salivary gland neoplasm, DOG1 is highly expressed in acinar cell carcinoma and can be used for subtyping diagnosis. Its positive rate in basal cell carcinoma is also significantly higher than that in basal cell tumor.