PAX-5

PAX-5, also known as B cell specific activator protein (BSAP), is continuously expressed throughout the development of B lymphocytes but not present in plasma cells, which is one of the core transcription factors that regulate the growth, differentiation, and maturation of B cells. As a highly specific and sensitive B cell biomarker in clinical practice, PAX-5 is often used in combination with CD20 for the differential diagnosis of B lymphoma (+) and T lymphoma (-), including Hodgkin lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, diffuse large B cell lymphoma, acute B cell leukemia, etc. In addition, some research has found that PAX-5 is expressed to varying degrees in various non-lymphoid tumors such as neuroendocrine tumors, breast cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Particularly, it is expressed in small cell lung cancer, but not in carcinoid, atypical carcinoid and other low-grade pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors, which makes it applicable for differential diagnosis, and it can promote the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells, thus having potential prognostic value.