Lysozyme

Lysozyme is an important anti-microbial protein, which is mainly present in the granules of neutrophils and macrophages. It can catalyze the hydrolysis of β -1,4 glycosidic bonds in the cytoderm of Gram-positive bacteria, leading to the rupture of cytoderm and the outflow of contents. Lysozyme is considered as a biomarker for monocytes, macrophages and their derived tumors. Therefore, it can be used in combination with AACT, CD68 and other markers for the diagnosis of various lymphatic system diseases such as malignant histiocytosis, macrophage tumors, and monocytic leukemia in clinical practice. Moreover, some research found that gastric cancer and colorectal cancer can abnormally produce Lysozyme. Its positivity rate is highest in poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma and mucinous adenocarcinoma, and associated with lymph node metastasis, speculated that Lysozyme can disrupt the barrier structure around tumor tissues to facilitate infiltration. However, some scholars pointed out that Lysozyme secreted by cervical lymph node effector cells in laryngeal cancer patients can directly damage the membrane structure of cancer cells.