Kappa

Igκ light chain is one of the light chain subtypes of immunoglobulin. It forms the antigen binding site together with the heavy chain to specifically recognize and bind antigens. As a characteristic product of B cells and plasma cells, Igκ is mainly used in combination with Igλ in clinical practice to assist in the diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions of the lymphoid and hematopoietic system, including B-cell lymphoma, MALT lymphoma, multiple myeloma, light chain deposition disease, and primary amyloidosis. In addition, some epithelial tumors such as liver cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer, and breast cancer may undergo gene rearrangement and abnormally secrete Ig, which may mediate immune escape by interfering with immune response, or utilize growth factor activity to promote tumor development. In addition, some research suggested that EB virus in nasopharyngeal carcinoma may enhance Igκ expression and synergistically participate in tumorigenesis through the NK-κB pathway. And free Igκ in colorectal cancer can bind to integrin β1 and promote tumor metastasis through the Integrin-FAK pathway.