CD105

CD105 is a co-receptor of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily, and their binding can promote angiogenesis to participate in embryonic development and tissue repairing. CD105 is mainly present in new blood vessels but lowly present in mature blood vessels, which makes it become an important biomarker for evaluating the degree of endothelial cell proliferation, providing guiding significance for microvascular density (MVD) detection in tumor tissues. Moreover, high expressed CD105 is considered as an indicator of tumor malignant development and patient poor prognosis. This is because CD105 can antagonize the inhibitory effect of TGF-β1 on endothelial cell proliferation and increase vascular permeability to induce cancer cell metastasis. Meanwhile, some scholars pointed out that excessive production of CD105 may induce impaired vascular function and tumor hypoxia, thereby stimulating cancer cells to secrete various growth factors to obtain more aggressive phenotypes. This may be one of the reasons why patients with its high expression are prone to lymph node metastasis. In addition, CD105 targeted therapy has become a research highlight.