CA19-9

Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) is a mucinous glycoprotein involved in cell adhesion, mainly existing in epithelial cells of digestive organs such as stomach, colon, pancreas, and bile duct. In clinical practice, CA19-9 has become a highly sensitive diagnostic indicator for pancreatic cancer, and patients with its high expression have shorter survival time and higher mortality, which has reference significance for tumor recurrence and patient prognosis. However, CA19-9 is expressed in benign lesions such as pancreatitis and pancreatic pseudocyst, so it is often used in combination with CEA, CA50, CA242, and other biomarkers. Meanwhile, CA19-9 can be used for the diagnosis of gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, and cholangiocarcinoma, and its expression level is positively correlated with tumor pathological staging. This may be due to the excessive secretion of cell membrane glycoproteins caused by accelerated proliferation and infiltration of cancer cells during tumor deterioration. In addition, the combination of CA19-9 and galectin has played a good medical role in the diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer and cervical cancer.