TIA-1

T-cell intracellular antigen-1 (TIA-1) is a cytotoxic granule associated protein that can synergize with perforin, granzyme B, Fas/FasL and other proteins to induce cell apoptosis, lysis, and necrosis. TIA-1 is mainly present in azurophilic granules of natural killer cells and cytotoxic T cells. Therefore, TIA-1 can be applied in the diagnosis of tumors derived from NK cells or T cells in clinical practice, including liver and spleen T cell lymphoma, nasal NK/T cell lymphoma, large granular lymphocytic leukemia, etc. And TIA-1 is not expressed in B cell lymphoma, so it has served as an important differential diagnostic biomarker. Meanwhile, some scholars believe that TIA-1 has tumor inhibitory effect, and its expression deletion will promote the proliferation and invasion of colorectal cancer, bladder cancer and cervical cancer cells, so TIA-1 may become a new prognostic indicator. In addition, TIA-1, as one of the cytotoxic T cell markers, can be used in the research of the acute cellular rejection.