P53

P53 is a transcription factor encoded by the tumor suppressor gene TP53. After receiving DNA damage signals, it can rapidly induce the production of cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor (CKI) to prevent the progression of the cell cycle and buy time for DNA repairing. If the damage is over-severe, it can also activate the apoptotic pathway to clear defective cells. However, some research has found that the TP53 gene can mutate in various solid tumors, which can express mutant P53 protein. The protein not only will lose tumor suppressive function, but may also have gain of function (GOF) activity, which can further enhance the invasiveness and drug resistance of cancer cells. Therefore, P53 is a crucial biomarker for detecting TP53 gene mutation in clinical practice, and its expression results have important reference significance for the prognosis evaluation of lung cancer, liver cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, osteosarcoma and other tumors.